Pu Gong Ying injection had in vtiro inhibitory effect on drug resistant strains of staphylococcus aureus and hemolytic streptococcus; it also had certain killing effect on diplococcus pneumoniae, meningococcus, bacilius diphtheriae, bacillus pyocyaneus, bacillus proteus and shigella dysenteriae. 1:400 extract fluid of pu gong yin had in vitro inhibitory effect on tubercle bacillus. Its alcohol extract at the dosage of 31mg/kg could kill leptospira, and it also had inhibitory effect on some fungi.

pu gong ying had cholagogue effect on animals. It's effective on chronic gallbladder spasm and and gallbladder stone in clinic.

Intramuscular injection of Pu Gong Yin Injection of gastrovage of pu gong ying decoction for consecutive 7 days could significantly lower serum GPT, relieve the necrosis, congestion and fatty degeneration of liver cells in rats with liver impairment caused by CCl4.

1. Treatment of intestinal metaplasia and atypical hyperplasia of gastric mucosa with xiao wei yan powder

138 cases of intestinal metaplasia (IM) and 104 cases of atypical hyperplasia (AH) of the gastric mucosa of chronic gastritis treated with Xiao Wei Yan Powder (XWYP) were reported. The diagnoses were based on the pathological examination of gastric antrum biopsy specimens. The cases were randomly divided into treated group and control group. The XWYP contained Smilax glabrae, Hedyotis diffusae, Taraxacum mongolicum, Caesalpinia sappan, Paeonia alba, Cyperus rotundus, Bletilla striata, Glycyrrhiza uralensis etc., and was prepared in powder form, taken orally 5-7g tid. After 2-4 months of administration, gastroscopic and pathological examinations were repeated. Results: In treated group, the total effective rate of IM was 91.3% and that of the AH was 92.16%, while in control group, they were 21.3% and 14.46% respectively (P < 0.01). It denoated that XWYP had marked therapeutic effects for IM and AH. The animal experiments revealed no toxic effect, so safety guarantee was provided for its clinical application.

--Liu XR, Han WQ, Sun DR. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1992 Oct;12(10):602-3, 580.

2. Anti-carcinogenic activity of Taraxacum plant. II.

Eleven triterpenoids (1-11) from the roots of Taraxacum japonicum (Compositae) were examined for their inhibitory effects on Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) induced by the tumor promoter, 12-O-tetrade-canoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), in Raji cells as a primary screening test for anti-tumor-promoters (cancer chemopreventive agents). Of these triterpenoids, taraxasterol (1) and taraxerol (7) exhibited significant inhibitory effects on EBV-EA induction, but the inhibitory effects of their acetates 2 and 8 were weaker than those of 1 and 7. Furthermore, 1 and 7 exhibited potent anti-tumor-promoting activity in the two-stage carcinogenesis tests of mouse skin using 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) as an initiator and TPA as a promoter, and 1 showed a remarkable inhibitory effect on mouse spontaneous mammary tumors using C3H/OuJ mouse. These results strongly suggested that taraxasterol (1) could be a valuable chemopreventive agent.

--Takasaki M, Konoshima T, Tokuda H, Masuda K, Arai Y, Shiojima K, Ageta H. Biol Pharm Bull. 1999 Jun;22(6):606-10.

3. Studies on immunopotentiating activities of antitumor polysaccharide from aerial parts of Taraxacum platycarpum.

The polysaccharide fraction from Taraxii Herba showed potent immunopotentiating activities with antitumor activities. The fraction having small amount of protein inhibited the growth of solid tumor and increased peritoneal exudate cells and immunoorgan weights in normal mice, and also increased hypersensitivities in tumor bearing mice.

--Jeong JY, Chung YB, Lee CC, Park SW, Lee CK. Arch Pharm Res. 1991 Mar;14(1):68-72.

pu gong ying decoction could significantly improve the lymphocyte transformation rate in peripheral blood, activate T cell's function. pu gong ying had diuretic effect, it could promote milk secretions in women.

pu gong yin and jin yin hua were decocted with water respectively and made into two types of eye drops. 3~4 times eye drip daily, 2~3 dips each time.

pu gong ying, ru xiang, mo yao, gan cao. Water decoction.

Dried root of pu gong ying 18g; yin chen hao 12g; chai hu, sheng zhi zi, 9g each; yu jin 9g; fu ling 9g. Water decoction. 69 cases of hepatitis were cured, and 8 ineffective.

20g pu gong ying was grounded into powder, and made into tea for daily drink, 91 cases of peptic ulcer were treated. Results: 51 cases were cured, 35 improved and 5 ineffective.

pu gong ying 30g, duan mu li 70g and sheng da huang 10g were made into 300ml decoction for retention enema. 20 cases of uraemia were treated, and 18 improved, 2 died.

Except those noted, all references come from Weng Weiliang, et al., Clinical Chinese materia medica, Henan Science & Technology Press, 1998