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Huang Qin - Scutellaria baicalensis
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Professional Data |
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Pin Yin
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Huang Qin
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Latin
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Radix Scutellariae baicalensis
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Introduction |
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Radix Scutellariae baicalensis is the dried root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Fam. Labiatae). The drug is collected in spring and autumn, removed from rootlet and soil, dashed to peel the rugged outer bark after being sun dried, and then dried thoroughly.
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Western medical |
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The herb can be used to treat acute respiratory tract infection, bronchitis, tonsillitis, bacillary dysentery, infectious hepatitis, hypertension, nephritis and acne, etc..
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Eastern medical |
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- Pattern: Clears Heat, dries Damp, discharges Fire, removes Toxin, clears the Lung, calms fetus.
- Properties: Bitter, cold.
- Channels Entered: Lung, Gallbladder, Large Intestine and Stomach.
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Chemical constituents |
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The herb contains baicalein, baicalin, wogonin, wogonoside and neobaicalein. In addition, it also contains ¦Â-sitosterol, benzoic acid, and dihydrooroxylin A, etc..
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Pharmacological actions |
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Anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effect |
Baicalin and baicalein could relieve allergic contract of isolated trachea of guinea pigs, and relieve allergic asthma in animals. Baicalin and baicalein could inhibit allergic edema and inflammation. |
Anti pathogenic microorganism effect |
huang qin had inhibitory or killing effect on staphylococcus aureus, diplococcus pneumoniae, hemolytic streptococcus, streptococcus A, meningococcus, shigella dysenteriae, bacilius diphtheriae, tubercle bacillus, typhoid bacillus, bacillus paratyphosus, bacillus pyocyaneus, bacillus coli, anthrax bacillus, bacillus proteus, bacillus pertussis, comma bacillus, amoeba, plasmodium, leptospira and candida albicans, etc.. Its infusion had certain inhibitory effect on influenza virus A-PR. |
Anti-febrile effect |
Intraperitoneal or intravenous injection of baicalin (130mg/kg), or intravenous injection of 0.24g/kg~0.48g/kg or gastrogavage of 2g/kg of huang qin decoction could allay the fever caused by mixed typhoid bacteria strain in rabbits. |
Sedative effect |
Intraperitoneal injection of baicalin 500 or 1000mg/kg had sedative effect which would last 2~ hours. Intravenous injection of huang qin infusion 1.0g/kg had mild sedative effect; with the increasing of dosage, its effect on the central nervous system would be deepened and result in death of the animals. |
Hypotensive and diuretic effects |
Intravenous, intramuscular injection or gastrogavage of huang qin tincture, infusion, decoction, alcohol or water extract, and baicalin to anesthetized dogs, cats and rabbits had hypotensive effects. Alcohol extract or decoction of huang qi had diuretic effect. |
Effects on blood fat and blood sugar |
huang qin and San Huang Preparation (huang lian : huang qin : da huang = 1:1:1) had no influence over the ratio of total cholesterol to total phospholipid in the serum of rabbits, but they could lower the ratio in rabbits fed with cholesterol for 7 weeks. huang qin could mildly elevate blood sugar. ¦Â-sitosterol contained in huang qin could lower cholesterol in the blood. |
Cholagogue and liver-protecting effects |
Decoction and ethanol extract of huang qin could increase the bile output in dogs and rabbits. Baicalin could significantly lower GPT. |
Anti-spasm and anti-tussive effect |
huang qin tincture and decoction had significant inhibitory effect on in vivo intestinal canal. |
Baicalin and baicalein could relax smooth muscle and uterus. Animal experiments showed that huang qin could relieve asthma. ¦Â-sitosterol contained in it had anti-tussive effect. |
Anti-cancer effect |
in vitro tests showed that baicalin had inhibitory effect on human cervical carcinoma strain JTC-26.
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Clinical Studies |
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Infantile acute respiratory tract infection |
50% huang qin decoction, 6ml for children under 1 year old, 8~10ml for those over 1 year old. Increase the dosage properly for children over 5 years old. Take the medicine in three times. 51 cases acute respiratory tract infection, 11 cases of acute bronchitis and 1 case of tonsillitis. After treatment, the body onload="highlight();" temperature lowered to normal and symptoms disappeared in 31 cases, 12 were ineffective. |
Acute bacillary dysentery |
huang qin and he zi were made into powder, 2g, qid. Expectant treatment: fluid infusion for loss of body onload="highlight();" fluids, antifebrile for high fever. 100 cases were treated. After average 2.5 days, symptoms disappeared; after 3.3 days, microscopy had normal results; after 5.3 days, the patients were clinically cured. |
Infectious hepatitis |
Baicalein was encapsulated, 0.25g/capsule, 2 capsules, tid. 27 cases of acute infectious hepatitis were treated, symptoms and signs disappeared within one month and liver function restored to normal. |
Pyelonephritis and nephritis |
5% Huang Qin Injection, 100~200mg for intramuscular injection, bid. 20 cases of pyelonephritis and nephritis were treated. Results: 6 out of 11 cases of acute nephritis were cured, 5 improved; 4 out of 9 pyelonephritis were cured, 4 improved, and 1 ineffective. |
Hypertension |
20% huang qin tincture, 5~10ml, tid. 51 cases of hypertension with blood pressure over 18.62kPa/13.3kPa were treated, after 1~12 months' treatment, 70% of the patients had lowered blood pressure by 2.66kPa/1.33kpa. |
Scarlet fever |
huang qin 9g, water decoction, taken in 2~3 times, for consecutive 3 days. Through observation on 1577 cases, it's found the method had obvious preventing effect on scarlet fever. |
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References |
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Except those noted, all references come from Weng Weiliang, et al., Clinical Chinese materia medica, Henan Science & Technology Press, 1998 |
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